References
Dystocia resulting in Caesarean section of the bitch
Abstract
This article highlights key areas of interest to the veterinary nurse that may deal with a bitch Caesarian section. Prior to the procedure the preparation area for the induction of the bitch and the theatre for surgery should be prepared, and consideration given to the area in which the recovering puppies will be placed. It is important to understand the pathophysiology of the bitch and that her body systems will be compromised during the anaesthetic which could result in morbidity if she is not monitored with vigilance. This condition is not alleviated once the puppies are removed. While resuscitating the puppies it is important to remember that the anaesthetised patient is still undergoing vast systemic changes, and these need to be closely monitored.
Dystocia is the inability to expel neonates through the birth canal (O'Neill et al, 2018). The problem can manifest for a variety of reasons, such as anatomical abnormalities or the inability to perform contractions any longer. In the recent study by O'Neill et al (2018) of 18 758 bitches attending 50 veterinary clinics, there were 701 dystocia cases identified, giving a dystocia prevalence of 3.7%. The most common breeds diagnosed with dystocia cases were Chihuahua (10.7%), Staffordshire Bull Terrier (8.4%), Pug (6.1%), Jack Russell Terrier (6.1%) and crossbred (5.7%). The brachycephalic and toy breeds appeared to be at higher risk of dystocia.
Age was also shown in the O'Neill et al (2018) study to be a risk factor for dystocia: there was increased odds of dystocia among 3 to 6-year-old bitches compared with those aged under 3 years.
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