To identify early if a surgical wound is at risk of postoperative complications, RVNs need to be aware of risk factors that can increase complication rates for the patient before any surgery is...
The ETT length is required to be measured in smaller species. This is performed by having the ETT next to the animal's head and ensuring that the ETT is between the canines and the thoracic inlet to...
Certain breeds tend to give birth several days early while still producing fully formed neonates. Smaller breeds commonly produce immature puppies (Figure 1), even after a full-term pregnancy...
The wound healing process involves four key phases: bleeding, inflammatory, proliferation, and the maturation/remodelling phases (key events are outlined in Table 1). These phases are often assumed to...
Pet ownership and animal assisted therapy have become an increasingly common means to improve the physical health and wellbeing of people, including those with social and psychological conditions...
Rabies is one of the deadliest diseases for mammals and is of huge global importance as a zoonosis. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 59 000 human deaths are caused by rabies annually...
Reptiles do not benefit from 100% oxygen during recovery because their stimulus to breathe is a lowered PaO2 (hypoxia). Providing 100% oxygen can lead to apnoea (Hedley, 2022). To stimulate...
One of the main benefits of testing in-house is the speed. Quick results reduce client stress (Giger, 2010), improving the client’s relationship with the veterinary team, reducing the likelihood of...
RCVS Knowledge: Clinical audit - https://knowledge.rcvs.org.uk/quality-improvement/tools-and-resources/clinical-audit/.
Chocolate is made from the fermented, dried then roasted beans of Theobroma cacao (Figure 1). After roasting, the shell is removed, and the remaining nibs are ground to cocoa mass which is liquefied...
Human factors have frequently been studied in professions where mistakes can have disastrous consequences, such as the aviation industry and human medicine, and is now being considered more in...
