A. vasorum has spread rapidly over the past 20 years from endemic foci in Wales, the South West and South East of England across the whole of the UK. Increased reporting of cases has been seen in...
The mechanisms of many of the substances causing neurological effects is unknown. Few have a specific antidote, therefore management in most cases is supportive, with the focus on controlling or...
Good nutritional support of hospitalised dogs and cats improves recovery from illness, reduces mortality and improves responses to trauma and stress (Chan, 2004). The purpose of providing nutritional...
Premedication can be a useful tool in small mammal medicine. The use of a premedicant can sedate the patient, reducing stress on induction, and some drugs may have an anaesthetic-sparing effect,...
Veterinary practices may stock a number of different ear preparations and cleaners based on first- and second-line preferences, which may be set out by a practice protocol or guidelines. In many...
Biofilms are found on a variety of living and non-living surfaces; recent studies have shown that biofilms can present on numerous medical consumables and devices, such as urinary catheters,...
The distribution of TBEV is closely related to the activity of its tick vectors. These are Ixodes ricinus (Figure 1) in Western and Central Europe and Ixodes persulcatus in Central and Eastern Europe....
Assessing the spread, or metastasis, of a primary malignant neoplasm is known as staging. This often involves sampling or removing the drainage lymph node adjacent to the affected site in combination...
Cheyletiellosis is typically a very mild, but highly contagious skin condition caused by surface living Cheyletiella spp. mites. They can affect many species but are not thought to be host specific;...
Initial therapy is aimed at stabilisation prior to general anaesthesia, although a prolonged surgical delay is not recommended due to worsening gastric and splenic ischaemia (Broome and Walsh, 2003)....
An understanding of the natural lifestyle of rabbits makes it easy to see why the traditional way of keeping rabbits impacts on their welfare. What an owner considers to be a behaviour problem may...
A gentle way to examine the teeth is to use one hand to expose the cat's maxillary teeth and the other to expose the mandibular teeth. The first step is to place one hand on top of the cat's head and...