The debate around extreme conformations in dogs has taken a step forward with an international multi-stakeholder group aiming to help dog owners to understand and recognise what an innately healthy...
Initially, renal failure was diagnosed with serum concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine. However, symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) has been shown to detect chronic renal failure...
Current literature focusses on obesity, with minimal research surrounding malnutrition and species comparison. This study aimed to explore the current attitudes, awareness, and practises of veterinary...
Critically ill patients are at an increased risk of gastrointestinal compromise, including those where gastrointestinal compromise is not their primary condition. Gastrointestinal compromise can be...
Although signs of ageing vary, there are common changes that are frequently seen (Table 3). Changes are indicative of the declining function of all body organs. Changes in bodily systems determined by...
Preventative medicine (which does not just include nutrition) can be subdivided into three parts:.
The ultimate nutritional goal is to provide cats with complete and balanced nutrition appropriate to the life stage and individual, which would include a thorough nutritional assessment. The screening...
In 2014, approximately 500 000 hamsters were kept as pets in the UK, according to estimates from the Pet Food Manufacturers Association (Mancinelli and Bament, 2014). There are many breeds of...
Rearing livestock has a cost to the planet; in addition to requiring more land than plant crops to produce equivalent energy, livestock rearing contributes to more soil erosion, has a considerably...
Taking a thorough history is a cornerstone of exotic animal medicine: estimates of the prevalence of husbandry-related diseases vary depending on the study, but it is generally agreed that inadequate...
A brief discussion of nutrients and their role in the herbivore diet will provide the basis for understanding nutritional assessment..