Lyme disease was first identified as a distinct medical condition in the town of Lyme in Connecticut, USA, from where it gains its name. Lyme disease is now recognised as a widespread disease in...
It will, of course, be the veterinary surgeon who makes a diagnosis of cardiovascular disease and develops an anaesthetic plan, but veterinary nurses must have an awareness of the condition and how it...
Before clinical signs of illness are discussed, it is important that veterinary practitioners are familiar with the appearance of healthy fish. The following are characteristics displayed by a healthy...
Learning is a change in an animal's capacity for expressing a behaviour due to a particular experience (Lieberman, 1993). Learning is about how the environment alters behaviour (Mills, 2009); although...
While the majority of wounds that are encountered will heal without any issues, there are a number of topical, and systemic medications that can enhance the wound healing process, allowing the wound...
When considering the closure of wounds, the timing of closure can be assigned to various categories. First either primary closure or first intention, whereby the wound is immediately sutured closed at...
The foal's immune system develops during fetal life so they are born immunogenically competent, but as the equine placenta does not allow transfer of immunoglobulins to the fetus, foals are born...
In developed countries, the categorisation of raw meat-based diets as ‘unconventional diets’ is testimony to widespread availability and use of nutritionally complete, and balanced manufactured diets...
The goal of treatment is to return the hyperthyroid patient to euthyroidism and this is achieved either by the curative methods of radioiodine or surgery, or the lifelong control of thyroxine...
The life cycle of Sarcoptes mites occurs in the superficial (keratinaceous) layer of the animal's epidermis. Female mites create tiny burrows into the skin in which they lay eggs over a period of 2–3...
Head (2013) suggests while dogs do have natural cognitive decline in different domains, like humans this is individual to the animal. Clinical behavioural signs are often referred to by the acronym...
In animal physiology it is known that a reduction in core temperature of 1–1.5°C occurs shortly after the induction of general anaesthesia due to the re-distribution of heat from the core to the...