Behaviours that the owner may see early during the disease are the dog sporadically reluctant to perform previous tasks or activities, such as jumping into the car, which never posed a problem before....
Looking after the health of parrots occurs even before the patient presents to the veterinary clinic. It is important for front-of-house staff to discuss appropriate carry cages with owners prior to...
Species: Loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta).
The aetiology of feline OA is different to that of canine OA. There is much less evidence to support OA secondary to developmental disease processes such as dysplasia, with one particular study citing...
Intestinal helminthes of companion animals are of primary importance in daily clinical practice (Figure 1). The roundworms (ascarids), Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati (Figure 2), infecting dogs and...
Rupert was a 6-year-old, male neutered, crossbreed rabbit belonging to one of the clinic's veterinary surgeons. He was fully up to date with vaccinations against myxomatosis and rabbit haemorrhagic...
The role of food allergies in canine and feline IBD is unknown. In IBD, the immune system responds incorrectly to environmental triggers, which can include food, that causes inflammation of the...
Other, more uncommon, fungal infections include candidiasis (Figure 12), cryptococcosis, sporotrichosis and alternariosis. Clinically, these mycoses can cause dermatitis similar to that of Malassezia...
Woolf (2011) defined the three types of pain as: neurological, this stems from the nervous system because of abnormal function; nociceptive, this is a result of a noxious stimulus damaging the...
Patient monitoring in critically ill patients is essential, and RVNs are extensively involved in this aspect of patient care (Figure 1). Monitoring should be uniquely tailored to the patient, with...
Laser therapy or photobiomodulation is a photochemical process in which light from a laser interacts with cells and causes stimulation or other biochemical changes (Pryor and Millis, 2015). Depending...
