References

Abraham G. Moving towards being “cat friendly”: a case study. Veterinary Nursing Journal. 2016; 31:(11)345-348 https://doi.org/10.1080/17415349.2016.1229432

Barratt L. Feline pain assessment and scoring systems. Vet Nurs. 2013; 4:(8)470-477 https://doi.org/10.12968/vetn.2013.4.8.470

ter Braak C, Looman C. Regression.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1995

Broadley HM, McCobb EC, Slater MR. Effect of single-cat versus multi-cat home history on perceived behavioral stress in domestic cats (Felis silvestrus catus) in an animal shelter. J Feline Med Surg. 2014; 16:(2)137-143 https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X13502972

Cameron ME, Casey RA, Bradshaw JW, Waran NK, Gunn-Moore DA. A study of environmental and behavioural factors that may be associated with feline idiopathic cystitis. J Small Anim Pract. 2004; 45:(3)144-147 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.2004.tb00216.x

Coleman DL, Slingsby LS. Attitudes of veterinary nurses to the assessment of pain and the use of pain scales. Vet Rec. 2007; 160:(16)541-544 https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.160.16.541

Da Graça Pereira G, Fragoso S, Morais D, Villa de Brito MT, de Sousa L. Comparison of interpretation of cat's behavioral needs between veterinarians, veterinary nurses, and cat owners. J Vet Behav. 2014; 9:(6)324-328 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2014.08.006

Dawson LC, Dewey CE, Stone EA, Guerin MT, Niel L. Evaluation of a canine and feline behavioural welfare assessment tool for use in companion animal veterinary practice. Appl Anim Behav Sci. 2018; 201:67-76 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2017.12.011

Feilberg E, Corridan CL, Buckley LA. A cross-sectional survey of UK veterinary practices to determine prevalence of patient stress-reducing and welfare-enhancing approaches believed to be undertaken in companion animal practice. J Vet Behav. 2021; 43:14-23 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2021.01.001

Goins M, Nicholson S, Hanlon A. Veterinary professionals' understanding of common feline behavioural problems and the availability of “cat friendly” practices in Ireland. Animals (Basel). 2019; 9:(12) https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9121112

Horwitz DF, Rodan I. Behavioral awareness in the feline consultation: understanding physical and emotional health. J Feline Med Surg. 2018; 20:(5)423-436 https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X18771204

Kessler MR, Turner DC. Stress and adaptation of cats (felis silvestris catus) housed singly, in pairs and in groups in boarding catteries. Anim Welf. 1997; 6:(3)243-254 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0962728600019837

Kronen PW, Ludders JW, Erb HN, Moon PF, Gleed RD, Koski S. A synthetic fraction of feline facial pheromones calms but does not reduce struggling in cats before venous catheterization. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2006; 33:(4)258-265 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.2005.00265.x

Lloyd J. Minimising stress for patients in the veterinary hospital: why it is important and what can be done about it. Vet Sci. 2017; 4:(4) https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci4020022

Online-questionnaire design: establishing guidelines and evaluating existing eupport. 2005. https://www.irma-international.org/proceeding-paper/online-questionnaire-design/32623/ (accessed 9 May 2023)

Using basic scales to measure behavior. 2021. https://www.vetstream.com/treat/felis/freeform/behavior-assessment#FreeformSection1 (accessed 9 May 2023)

Quimby JM, Smith ML, Lunn KF. Evaluation of the effects of hospital visit stress on physiologic parameters in the cat. J Feline Med Surg. 2011; 13:(10)733-737 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2011.07.003

Rodan I, Sundahl E, Carney H AAFP and ISFM feline-friendly handling guidelines. J Feline Med Surg. 2011; 13:(5)364-375 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2011.03.012

Respectful cat handling vs cat wrangling: Improving cat experiences & client compliance in your practice. 2015. https://www.vin.com/doc/?id=8896492 (accessed 9 May 2023)

Schull DN, Morton JM, Coleman GT, Mills PC. Veterinary students' perceptions of their day-one abilities before and after final-year clinical practice-based training. J Vet Med Educ. 2011; 38:(3)251-261 https://doi.org/10.3138/jvme.38.3.251

van Haaften KA, Forsythe LRE, Stelow EA, Bain MJ. Effects of a single preappointment dose of gabapentin on signs of stress in cats during transportation and veterinary examination. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017; 251:(10)1175-1181 https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.251.10.1175

Volk JO, Thomas JG, Colleran EJ, Siren CW. Executive summary of phase 3 of the Bayer veterinary care usage study. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2014; 244:(7)799-802 https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.244.7.799

Williams T, Carroll A, Montrose VT. Environmental methods used by veterinary centres to reduce stress of cats and dogs during practice visits. Vet Nurs. 2019; 10:(1)47-52 https://doi.org/10.12968/vetn.2019.10.1.47

Are professionals receiving sufficient training in ‘feline friendly’ techniques?

02 May 2023
12 mins read
Volume 14 · Issue 4
Figure 1. Confidence assessing the behaviour of feline patients on a scale of 4-10. No participants selected 1–3.

Abstract

Recognising stress in feline patients is imperative in promoting patient welfare and ensuring a safe experience for both the patient and veterinary worker. This study looked at whether veterinary professionals were confident at recognising stress in feline patients and whether they could adapt their handling methods accordingly. It also addressed whether veterinary workers were satisfied with the training they received on the subject during their qualifications. Finally, it looked at whether veterinary professionals were aware of the Kessler and Turner Stress Scoring System and whether an updated version has a place in current practice. It was evident from the responses of the questionnaire that there is a gap in veterinary curricula when it comes to teaching ‘feline friendly’ methods and that most professionals confident in minimising stress for their patients have developed their techniques through experience and through owning cats themselves.

Veterinary visits can be extremely distressing for feline patients. Lloyd (2017) stated that this is undesirable from a welfare perspective, as well as having a negative impact on immune function and recovery, and an increased risk of injury to staff. Acutely, the stress response is a defensive mechanism and helps to protect the cat from external dangers; however, long-term stress can cause physical and emotional damage. It is also already proven that stress can influence clinical parameters of cats in practice, including heart and respiratory rate, blood pressure and temperature (Horwitz and Rodan, 2018). Quimby et al (2011) added that blood glucose, lactate, platelets and white blood cell counts, among others, can also be affected, making it more difficult to correctly diagnose and treat them as it is unclear whether the changes are as a result of stress or clinical disease. Cameron et al (2004) added that several stress factors contribute to the development of feline idiopathic cystitis, highlighting the negative impact stress can have on feline health.

Register now to continue reading

Thank you for visiting The Veterinary Nurse and reading some of our peer-reviewed content for veterinary professionals. To continue reading this article, please register today.