The highs and lows of electrolytes part 2: calcium, phosphate and magnesium

Calcium is crucial for skeletal bone support and numerous intra- and extracellular functions. It is involved in blood coagulation, excitation of neurons, secretion of hormones, enzyme activity and...

The highs and lows of electrolytes part 1: sodium, chloride and potassium

Sodium is the major body extracellular cation and maintains the osmolality of extracellular fluid. Normal values are around 140 milliequivalents (mEq)/litre in extracellular fluid and 10–12 mEq/litre...