The anaesthetic plan must aim for maternal and neonatal survival, presenting a unique challenge to the anaesthetist. Exposure of the fetuses to anaesthetic drugs, since many cross the placenta...
Dystocia is a life threatening emergency situation which requires urgent treatment. This report aims to evaluate and critique the assessment, monitoring and nursing care given to a queen which...
There are a number of reasons a whelping bitch will be asked to be brought to the veterinary practice, these include unproductive straining for more than 4 hours, if there is more than 2 hours between...
Parturition is the term used to describe the expulsion of the fetus and the fetal membranes from the uterus through the maternal passages by natural forces (Pycock, 2012). Parturition is divided into...