In orthopaedic practice, an increase in incidence of gastro-oesophageal reflux reported in patients undergoing surgery has been recognised. Possible causes include longer anaesthesia duration, patient...
The anaesthetic plan must aim for maternal and neonatal survival, presenting a unique challenge to the anaesthetist. Exposure of the fetuses to anaesthetic drugs, since many cross the placenta...
Healthy, conscious animals respond to heat loss via temperature sensitive cells in the hypothalamus which initiate a response such as shivering and vasoconstriction (Murison, 2001).