There are numerous classification systems used in the literature for staging patients with AKI including: International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) guidelines (Table 1); Risk, In-jury, Failure, Loss...
Cats with urethral obstruction will typically show signs of urinary tract inflammation and discomfort. Signs may vary from mild to severe. Systemic signs are often not present until 24 hours after the...
AKI is defined as a rapid decline in renal function (Jack and Watson, 2008). It is differentiated from chronic renal disease (CRD) by their different pathologies. In AKI, blood does not adequately...
Although many of the epidemiological studies reviewed for this article contain a lot of useful data, almost all have utilized the non-specific terms of feline urological syndrome or FLUTD as the...