Urinary incontinence in dogs: pathophysiology and medical management

The bladder can be divided into the apex (apex vesicae), body (corpus vesicae), and neck (cervix vesicae). The trigone of the bladder (trigonum vesicae) is a triangular area on the dorsal aspect of...

Canine syringomyelia: treatment and implications

Medical management of the condition uses a variety of drugs which, although similar in their aim, may vary in their mode of action, and range from common analgesics such as carprofen or meloxicam,...