Figure 1. a) Echocardiography image showing a normal canine heart in a right parasternal long axis four chamber view. b) Echocardiography image showing a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel's heart at stage B2, in a right parasternal long axis four chamber view. Note the left-sided dilation and diseased mitral valve (arrowed)

Identifying and treating heart disease in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels

The exact reason for CKCS MMVD prevalence is not known. High levels of heritability have been shown, yet there are difficulties in determining why, not least because nearly all CKCS have MMVD, so a...