Cyanobacteria occur in both freshwater and marine environments. Under certain environmental conditions cyanobacteria can quickly form extensive and often visible growths or blooms. These most commonly...
Detergents are very common household chemicals. They are found in a variety of cleaning products such as washing up liquids, toilet cleaners and fabric washing products and come in the form of...
Many different types of substances found in the home can have adverse effects on cardiac and cardiovascular function. If uncontrolled, these can lead to complications of cardiac damage and tissue...
Poisoning can result in adverse effects on the kidney through a variety of mechanisms, including formation of toxic metabolites, interference with normal physiological process and, in some cases,...
Several fungi contain cyclopetides but the most common are Amanita species including Amanita phalloides (death cap) (but not Amanita muscaria which is also known as fly agaric)..
Anaemia is a reduced number of red blood cells or haemoglobin in the blood and there are three main causes, blood loss (from trauma, for example), decreased red blood cell production or increased red...
Tea tree oil, also known as melaleuca oil, is an essential oil obtained by steam distillation from the leaves and terminal branches of the Australian tea tree, Melaleuca alternifolia (Carson et al,...
Xylitol is found in numerous products (Box 1). It is used as a sweetener and is frequently found in sugar-free chewing gums (Figure 1) and confectionary where it protects against tooth decay. It is...
Identification of a particular fungus or fungal fragments is notoriously difficult, particularly if it has been chewed or broken. It may be possible to call on the expertise of a local mycologist, but...
Lipid infusion therapy is the intravenous infusion of a parenteral lipid formulation which is usually used as part of parenteral nutrition as a source of calories and essential fatty acids. The lipid...
A detergent is any substance that reduces the surface tension of water; more specifically, it is a surface-active agent (surfactant) that concentrates at oilwater interfaces and possesses emulsifying...
Any animal that is exhibiting signs of cardiovascular collapse, respiratory distress, or profound neurological depression should be stabilised before decontamination is attempted. If dermal...