A seizure is a clinical manifestation of excessive hyperexcitability in the cerebral cortex. There is a lot of electrical activity going on in the brain and it is not being coordinated in the way it...
Focal seizures, previously known as partial seizures, are asymmetric and only affect one part of the brain (Berendt et al, 2015). Dogs may show clinical signs of facial twitching, head shaking,...
Patients typically present with an unremarkable physical examination. Most commonly owners will report episodes of ataxia, weakness, and disorientation with symptoms often resolving after a meal...
In spite of the underlying cause of the seizure activity, consent to treat the patient must be obtained from the owner along with a thorough clinical history.