Tooth extraction can be achieved using a closed or open (surgical) technique. As Reiter (2019) stated, ‘the principles of tooth extraction are to reduce or eliminate the retentive factors that hold a...
Figure 1 is an example of an adult canine dental chart, where the patient's details are recorded in the boxes in the top left-hand corner of the paper. A good chart will have open mouth views of...
The tooth is a complicated structure comprising mineralized tissues which vary in structure and density. Both the composition of the tooth and the peridontium help to protect it from oral pathology...