References

Akcam FZ, Kaya O, Temel EN An investigation of the effectiveness against bacteriuria of silver-coated catheters in short-term urinary catheter applications: A randomized controlled study. J Infect Chemother. 2019; 25:(10)797-800 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiac.2019.04.004

Beattie M, Taylor J. Silver alloy vs. uncoated urinary catheters: a systematic review of the literature. J Clin Nurs. 2011; 20:(15-16)2098-2108 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03561.x

Bubenik L, Hosgood G. Urinary tract infection in dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation and urinary bladder dysfunction managed by manual expression, indwelling catheterization or intermittent catheterization. Vet Surg. 2008; 37:(8)791-800 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950X.2008.00452.x

Bubenik LJ, Hosgood GL, Waldron DR, Snow LA. Frequency of urinary tract infection in catheterized dogs and comparison of bacterial culture and susceptibility testing results for catheterized and noncatheterized dogs with urinary tract infections. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 231:(6)893-899 https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.231.6.893

Chu CM, Lowder JL. Diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections across age groups. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2018; 219:(1)40-51 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2017.12.231

Chuang L, Tambyah PA. Catheter-associated urinary tract infection. J Infect Chemother. 2021; 27:(10)1400-1406 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiac.2021.07.022

Desai DG, Liao KS, Cevallos ME, Trautner BW. Silver or nitrofurazone impregnation of urinary catheters has a minimal effect on uropathogen adherence. J Urol. 2010; 184:(6)2565-2571 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2010.07.036

Handler G, Boninger ML. Special issues in randomized controlled trials. In: Hammond F, Malec J, Nick TG, Buschbacher R (eds). New York: Demos Medical Publishing; 2014

Kędziora A, Wieczorek R, Speruda M Comparison of antibacterial mode of action of silver ions and silver nanoformulations with different physico-chemical properties: experimental and computational studies. Front Microbiol. 2021; 12 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.659614

Liedberg H, Lundeberg T. Silver alloy coated catheters reduce catheter-associated bacteriuria. Br J Urol. 1990; 65:(4)379-381 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14760.x

Low DA, Braaten BA, Ling GV, Johnson DL, Ruby AL. Isolation and comparison of Escherichia coli strains from canine and human patients with urinary tract infections. Infect Immun. 1988; 56:(10)2601-2609 https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.56.10.2601-2609.1988

Ogeer-Gyles J, Mathews K, Weese JS Evaluation of catheter-associated urinary tract infections and multi–drug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from the urine of dogs with indwelling urinary catheters. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 229:(10)1584-1590 https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.229.10.1584

Ogilvie AT, Brisson BA, Gow WR, Wainberg S, Singh A, Weese JS. Effects of the use of silver-coated urinary catheters on the incidence of catheter-associated bacteriuria and urinary tract infection in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2018; 253:(10)1289-1293 https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.253.10.1289

Ogilvie AT, Brisson BA, Singh A, Weese JS. In vitro evaluation of the impact of silver coating on Escherichia coli adherence to urinary catheters. Can Vet J. 2015; 56:(5)490-494

Olin SJ, Bartges JW. Urinary tract infections: treatment/comparative therapeutics. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2015; 45:(4)721-746 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2015.02.005

Padilla J, Osborne CA, Ward GE. Effects of storage time and temperature on quantitative culture of canine urine. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1981; 178:(10)1077-1081

Patterson CA, Bishop MA, Pack JD, Cook AK, Lawhon SD. Effects of processing delay, temperature, and transport tube type on results of quantitative bacterial culture of canine urine. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2016; 248:(2)183-187 https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.248.2.183

Pratt RJ, Pellowe C, Loveday HP The epic project: developing national evidence-based guidelines for preventing healthcare associated infections. Phase I: Guidelines for preventing hospital-acquired infections. Department of Health (England). J Hosp Infect. 2001; S3-S82 https://doi.org/10.1053/jhin.2000.0886

Riley DK, Classen DC, Stevens LE, Burke JP. A large randomized clinical trial of a silver-impregnated urinary catheter: lack of efficacy and staphylococcal superinfection. Am J Med. 1995; 98:(4)349-356 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9343(99)80313-1

Smarick SD, Haskins SC, Aldrich J Incidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infection among dogs in a small animal intensive care unit. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004; 224:(12)1936-1940 https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.2004.224.1936

Stiffler KS, Stevenson MAM, Sanchez S Prevalence and characterization of urinary tract infections in dogs with surgically treated type 1 thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion. Vet Surg. 2006; 35:(4)330-336 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950X.2006.00153.x

Tissot E, Limat S, Cornette C, Capellier G. Risk factors for catheter-associated bacteriuria in a medical intensive care unit. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2001; 20:(4)0260-0262 https://doi.org/10.1007/s100960100480

Weese JS, Blondeau J, Boothe D International Society for Companion Animal Infectious Diseases (ISCAID) guidelines for the diagnosis and management of bacterial urinary tract infections in dogs and cats. Vet J. 2019; 247:8-25 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.02.008

Urology

Efficacy of silver-coated urinary catheters for reducing urinary tract infection in dogs

02 July 2023

Clinical

15 mins read

02 July 2023

Volume 14 · Issue 6

ISSN (print): 2044-0065

ISSN (online): 2052-2959

Table 1.

Abstract

Indwelling urinary catheters are frequently used in practice, however urinary catheters have been associated with catheter-associated urinary tract infections in dogs. Antimicrobial coating of urinary catheters can reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections through the initial prevention of bacterial attachment. Historical studies have identified the benefit of silver in reducing bacteriuria in humans. This knowledge summary concluded that no study was able to demonstrate that the use of silver-coated urinary catheters is superior to silicone urinary catheters in reducing the incidence of urinary tract infections in dogs. Further investigation in vivo, with a large sample size, is required to verify the statistical significance of the effect of the silver-coating of urinary catheters in the reduction of urinary tract infections.

Indwelling urinary catheters are frequently used in practice, however urinary catheters have been associated with bacteriuria and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (UTIs) in dogs (Tissot et al, 2001; Ogeer-Gyles et al, 2006). Antimicrobial coating of urinary catheters can reduce catheter-associated UTIs through the initial prevention of bacterial attachment (Beattie and Taylor, 2011). Silver has antibacterial properties, with historical studies identifying its benefit in reducing bacteriuria in humans (Liedberg and Lunderberg, 1990; Riley et al, 1995).

This knowledge summary uses a PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcomes) to investigate the question: in hospitalised dogs, does the use of silver-coated urinary catheters reduce the incidence of UTI when compared to silicone Foley urinary catheters?

A clinical scenario from the perspective of a veterinary nurse was considered and a search of the literature was performed (Table 1) based on this scenario. Exclusion and inclusion criteria are discussed in Tables 2 and 3. Three papers were critically reviewed. Two were prospective, double-blind, randomised controlled clinical trials and one was a controlled, in vitro study.

Register now to continue reading

Thank you for visiting The Veterinary Nurse and reading some of our peer-reviewed content for veterinary professionals. To continue reading this article, please register today.

Or continue by

Signing in with your registered email address