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Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in veterinary practice part 1: why they do what they do

02 May 2014
10 mins read
Volume 5 · Issue 4

Abstract

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are extensively used in veterinary practice for the management of both acute and chronic pain. While they are generally fairly effective analgesics, they also have a spectrum of potential side effects ranging from mild to life threatening. This article — the first in a series of two — will discuss how the pharmacology of these agents produces their therapeutic effects, while the second article will expand on their side effects and contraindications.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most widely used therapeutic agents in both human and veterinary medicine. Although for many years they were chiefly considered the drugs of first choice for the management of chronic pain — a role they still hold today — the development of newer and increasingly efficacious compounds has dramatically expanded their use in the acute pain setting (Grisneaux et al, 1999; Mansa et al, 2007). While opioid drugs are still generally regarded as the ‘gold standard’ for management of moderate to severe pain, a number of studies have demonstrated that NSAIDs may provide analgesia of a similar magnitude and, in many cases, of longer duration than opioids (Reid and Nolan, 1991; Balmer et al, 1998). Current opinion, however, is that to achieve optimal analgesia in the acute pain setting the two drug groups should be used in combination as part of a multimodal approach (Flaherty, 2013).

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