Fibroadenomas are known to be under hormonal influence, more specifically it is theorised that high levels of prolactin from prolactin secreting pituitary adenomas influence the development of these...
The cornea is the clear, avascular anterior portion of the coating of the globe, which is composed of four basic layers: the epithelium; the stroma; the Descemet's membrane; and the endothelium...
The veterinary surgeon will decide when anaesthesia is necessary — this may be at the time of injury or may not be until the patient has been stabilised, which may take a few hours or even days.
Do owners know how much their cat is drinking daily?.
DCM is a common cause of congestive heart failure in dogs, and historically, was linked to large and giant breed dogs (Adin et al, 2019). DCM is characterised by poor systolic function and ventricular...
Detergents are very common household chemicals. They are found in a variety of cleaning products such as washing up liquids, toilet cleaners and fabric washing products and come in the form of...
The most widely accepted hypothesis is that the conformational changes described above result in the herniation of cerebellar tissue, which blocks the normal flow of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF),...
When the phospholipid (PLA2) layer of the cell membrane of tissue is injured or damaged, it leads to the activation and release of inflammatory mediators. These create an acidic environment referred...
Pheromones are biologically active semiochemicals (chemical signals from one organism to another capable of bringing about a change in the recipient organism); they are secreted from the body of one...
There is conflicting evidence as to the benefit of surgical management of different forms of elbow disease. In a study by Burton et al (2011) conservative management resulted in the same outcome in...
A uroabdomen may occur following blunt trauma to the abdomen or pelvis, such as a road traffic accident (RTA). Trauma to any part of the urinary system can result in a rupture, with damage to the...
The heart contains four chambers, the left and right atria and left and right ventricles. These four chambers receive and send blood through several vessels and valves to keep the body perfused with...