Emergency assessment and nursing of a queen with dystocia

The patient presented to the practice with dystocia, the owner reported she was becoming increasingly distressed and restless with a history of abdominal contractions for 1 hour without delivery of any kittens.

Species: Feline

Breed: Oriental Short Hair

Age: 2 years old

Gender: Female (entire/pregnant)

Weight: 3.6 kg

On arrival the patient was triaged and monitored by a registered veterinary nurse (RVN) until the veterinary surgeon (VS) examined her. The RVN noted a heart rate of 138 bpm (110–180) with strong synergistic pulses, and a respiratory rate of 38 bpm (20–40) with clear chest sounds. A rectal temperature of 37.8°C (38.3–38.8) with pink mucous membranes (MM) and capillary refill time (CRT) under 2 seconds were noted. Non-invasive blood pressure reading using an oscillometric device was obtained with a reading of 117/48 (71) (115–180 systolic). The patient was in sternal recumbence and was quiet and responsive. The Colorado State University feline pain score (Hellyer et al, 2006) was used as a tool for pain assessment with a result of 3 due to the patient tucking in her feet close to her body and some reaction to examination around her vulva. A result of 3 can indicate mild discomfort, a score of 5 or above would have indicated the need for pain relief. The VS performed a digital vaginal examination and diagnosed obstructive dystocia and was unable to correct the position of the kitten. The VS decided to perform an emergency Caesarean.