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Nutrition
Reproductive

The role of energy and weight: from conception to adulthood

02 May 2022
Clinical
11 mins read
02 May 2022
Volume 13 · Issue 4
Figure 1. After birth nutrition is provided by the colostrum and milk until weaning at 3–4 weeks.
Figure 1. After birth nutrition is provided by the colostrum and milk until weaning at 3–4 weeks.

Abstract

Growth represents a fundamental phase in a cat or dog's life and plays an important role in their life-long health. Energy intake influences not just bodyweight (both weight gain and loss), but also the rate of growth and even the success of reproduction. This article will take an in-depth look at the changing energy needs of cats and dogs from conception to adulthood and the role weight plays in supporting optimal growth.

Growth is a key stage in a kitten and puppy's life and is a time for both great exploration and physiological changes. The foundations that are laid down in growth can impact the long-term health of the animal. Nutrition, and specifically energy intake and bodyweight play a vital role in supporting growth; and this starts from before mating.

Adipose tissue is an active organ that produces a large range of hormones and protein factors called adipokines. One such hormone is leptin, which plays a pivotal role in reproduction. Leptin levels have been found to be higher in dogs with an increased body condition score (Ishioka et al, 2007) and while studies in cats and dogs are limited, in human medicine it has been demonstrated that increased levels of leptin may negatively impact fertility (Brannian et al, 2001).

Breeding from queens and bitches at ideal bodyweight and shape will therefore help to support successful mating.

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puppy
kitten
nutrition
weight