Understanding NSAIDs
Abstract
Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most frequently used analgesic drugs across the taxonomic groups. They are an extremely versatile analgesic agent and are commonly used in the management of both acute and chronic pain The aim of this article is to discuss their mode of action, systemic effects and practical aspects of their use in general practice.
Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) include any drug with anti-inflammatory properties that is not a steroid. They consist of several families of drugs under the collective grouping of NSAIDs. NSAIDs represent the most extensively used drugs of all time; in humans it is estimated that over 1 million aspirins are taken every hour globally (Lees, 2009). NSAIDs have been the mainstay of analgesic agents throughout history with the first reported uses being documented in ancient texts, including Hippocrates in the 5th century BC. The glycoside salicin was obtained from the leaves and bark of the willow tree (Salix spp.); when hydrolyzed this yields salicyl alcohol which is used to produce salicylic acid — when in its acetyl ester form this is better known as aspirin. The Bayer Pharmaceutical Company first produced this commercially in 1898 (Jeffreys, 2004). Today there are many different NSAIDs available and their use has expanded in the last 20 years as the veterinary profession has made a priority of the prevention of pain and management of welfare.
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